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Which of the following is a potential effect of an animal's living environment on its behavior?

  1. Improved confidence

  2. Increased aggression

  3. Development of intelligence

  4. Reduced need for interaction

The correct answer is: Increased aggression

In the context of animal behavior, the living environment can significantly influence various behavioral traits, including aggression. Increased aggression in animals may arise due to a range of factors associated with their environment, such as overcrowding, inadequate space, lack of resources, or exposure to stressors. For example, when an animal feels threatened or experiences high competition for food or shelter, this may lead to heightened levels of aggression as a means of survival or dominance. This response emphasizes the direct relationship between environmental conditions and behavioral outcomes, illustrating how adverse living situations can escalate aggressive tendencies in animals. In contrast, other options discussing improved confidence, development of intelligence, or reduced need for interaction may not directly relate to the adverse impacts that specific environmental conditions can have, which is why they do not fit as well in this context.